基于运动模糊效应的图像测速方法

通过分析影像与成像平面以及地面景物之间相对运动关系,建立了航拍图像运动模糊模型,分析了模糊带宽度和相机运动及曝光时间之间的关系,设计了基于模糊带边缘增强和自相关分析的模糊带宽度测量算法,在此基础上提出了基于运动模糊效应的图像测速方法.给出了实用的测速算法,并分析了像素尺寸、模糊带宽度、相机姿态等对测速精度的影响.与传统的基于多普勒、地形匹配等测速算法相比,此方法无需增加额外设备和保障数据,实现更为简单.算例分析表明,此算法对于速度无剧烈变化的准匀速运动具有较好的测速效果,为飞行器实时飞行速度的测量提供了一种新的解决手段.

Image velocity measurement based on motion blurring effect

The producing mechanism of the motion blurring effect in the aerial photography process was analyzed. The kinetic model was built based on the relative kinematics relation among the aerial camera, target subject and the image in the aerial photography system. The relationship between the width of motion belt and the exposing time of camera was also studied. An estimating algorithm which was based on the edge strengthen algorithm and the self-correlation analyzing technology was designed for measuring the width of the blurring belt in the motion blurred image. A new image velocity measurement method based on motion blurring effect was presented. A practical measuring algorithm was given. The measuring precision of the method, which was influenced by the pixel size, blurring belt width, camera attitude and so on, was also discussed. Compared with the other speed measuring technology such as the velocity measurement method based on the Doppler effect or the terrain-matching method, the method could be easily used on a plane or UAV with no additional equipment and needn't any terrain data which is hard to prepare. The simulation results show that the new method has a good performance even it exists some noise and small attitude errors. It provides a good performance to the carrier plane which is flying at a uniform speed and offers a new way to measure the flying velocity of the aircraft with low cost.