某铝土矿采场结构参数优化数值模拟

采场结构参数是地下矿山开采中影响开采安全和回采效率的重要因素，合理选择采场的结构参数是矿山亟需解决的技术难题。以某铝土矿采场结构参数优化为研究对象，综合分析了某铝土矿矿体的赋存条件，采用FLAC3D三维数值模拟软件，构建了直接顶板为土状岩体的铝土矿分条回采模型。为确定较为合理的采场结构参数，分别选取7、9、11 m三种采场开挖方案，分析了不同结构参数下的围岩变形、应力分布和塑性区分布特征。对比各方案应力、位移、塑性区之间的变化。结果表明，7 m跨度下采场整体处于稳定状态；当跨度增加到9 m，采场顶板出现一定的塑性区；当跨度继续增加到11 m，采场顶板的塑性区范围和位移量进一步增大，采场中间存在沿条带方向出现垮冒的风险。因此，为了保证采场稳定性与安全，建议采场跨度选择9 m。研究结果为类似铝土矿矿山采场结构参数的确定具有借鉴意义。

Numerical simulation of stope structural parameters of bauxite mine

Stope structural parameters are important factors affecting mining safety and mining efficiency in underground mining. Reasonable selection of stope structural parameters is an urgent technical problem to be solved by the mine. Taking the stope structural parameters optimization of a bauxite mine as the research object, the occurrence conditions of a bauxite ore body are comprehensively analyzed. FLAC3D numerical software was used to construct the strip mining model of bauxite with earthen rock mass as the direct roof, and the bauxite strip mining model with soil rock mass as the direct roof is constructed, To determine more reasonable stope structural parameters, three stope excavation schemes of 7 m, 9 m, and 11 m were selected respectively, and the deformation, stress distribution and plastic zone distribution characteristics of surrounding rock under different structural parameters were analyzed. The changes in stress, displacement, and plastic zone were compared. The structure shows that the whole stope is in a stable state under the span of 7m. When the span increases to 9 m, a certain plastic zone appears on the stope roof. When the span continues to increase to 11 m, the range and displacement of the plastic zone of the stope roof further increase, and there is a risk of collapse along the strip direction in the middle of the stope. Therefore, to ensure the stability and safety of the stope, it is suggested that the stope span should be 9m. The results can be used for reference in determining stope structural parameters of similar bauxite mines.