Effects of smoking cessation, restrained eating, and motivational states on food intake in the laboratory.

20 smokers, 20 abstaining smokers (for 24 hrs), and 20 nonsmokers completed ratings of motivational state before and after a taste test, to examine the mediating effects of motivations to eat and smoke, cross-motivational satiating effects, and restrained eating on post-smoking-cessation food intake in the laboratory. The results suggest that the abstaining smokers consumed more carbohydrates, calories, fat, protein, and mass than the smokers; that food intake was related to the urge to eat, the urge to smoke, and craving for a cigarette; and that eating could reduce the desire to smoke. However, these effects were only apparent for the female smokers. In addition, restrained eating predicted increases in postcessation food intake. The results are discussed in terms of a substitution theory of motivational states. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)