裂变偶的发展与应用

裂变偶是70年代国外发展起来的一种强中子辐照下裂变物质温度时间关系的快响应小型中子探测器。这种探测器最突出的优点是响应快、体积小，主要应用在脉冲堆爆发脉冲时瞬时温升测量和动态的中子场“点”注量测量等领域。裂变偶的制作技术目前在美国已经相当成熟，并已大量将裂变偶应用于脉冲堆以及核爆中子场的监测领域。国内这项技术还处在起步阶段。主要介绍了裂变偶测量原理、制作工艺和国内外发展现状。

The development and application of fission-couples

The fission-couples, having fissile material as its junction, gives a direct measurement of the integrated fission density which exists at the location of the junction. In the usual application, a conventional thermocouple tells only the temperature of the material or region of interest. The fission-couples tells only the temperature of the junction, but in the case the junction is the material of interest. It is this intrinsic distinction that allows the fission-couples can be place at strategic locations within or around a reactor and can give direct reading of the power as correlated to temperature.