Multidisciplinary Design Optimization for Glass-Fiber Epoxy-Matrix Composite 5 MW Horizontal-Axis Wind-Turbine Blades |
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Authors: | M Grujicic G Arakere B Pandurangan V Sellappan A Vallejo M Ozen |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, 241 Engineering Innovation Building, Clemson, SC 29634-0921, USA;(2) Ozen Engineering, Inc., 1210 E. Arques Avenue, Suite 207, Sunnyvale, CA 94085, USA |
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Abstract: | A multi-disciplinary design-optimization procedure has been introduced and used for the development of cost-effective glass-fiber
reinforced epoxy-matrix composite 5 MW horizontal-axis wind-turbine (HAWT) blades. The turbine-blade cost-effectiveness has
been defined using the cost of energy (CoE), i.e., a ratio of the three-blade HAWT rotor development/fabrication cost and
the associated annual energy production. To assess the annual energy production as a function of the blade design and operating
conditions, an aerodynamics-based computational analysis had to be employed. As far as the turbine blade cost is concerned,
it is assessed for a given aerodynamic design by separately computing the blade mass and the associated blade-mass/size-dependent
production cost. For each aerodynamic design analyzed, a structural finite element-based and a post-processing life-cycle
assessment analyses were employed in order to determine a minimal blade mass which ensures that the functional requirements
pertaining to the quasi-static strength of the blade, fatigue-controlled blade durability and blade stiffness are satisfied.
To determine the turbine-blade production cost (for the currently prevailing fabrication process, the wet lay-up) available
data regarding the industry manufacturing experience were combined with the attendant blade mass, surface area, and the duration
of the assumed production run. The work clearly revealed the challenges associated with simultaneously satisfying the strength,
durability and stiffness requirements while maintaining a high level of wind-energy capture efficiency and a lower production
cost. |
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