Interaction between dietary protein and fat in triglyceride metabolism in the rat: Effects of soy protein and menhaden oil |
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Authors: | Isabelle?Demonty Yves?Deshaies Beno?t?Lamarche Email author" target="_blank">Hélène?JacquesEmail author |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Laval University, G1K 7P4, Québec, Canada;(2) The Nutraceutical and Functional Food Institute, Laval University, G1K 7P4, Québec, Canada;(3) Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Laval University, Paul-Comtois Bldg., G1K 7P4 Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada |
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Abstract: | The objective of the present study was to determine the mechanisms by which dietary proteins interact with dietary lipids
in the regulation of triglyceridemia in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=56) were subjected to 28-d experimental diets containing different combinations of proteins (20% w/w) and lipid sources (14%
w/w): (i) casein-menhaden oil, (ii) casein-beef tallow, (iii) soy protein-menhaden oil, and (iv) soy protein-beef tallow.
Significant protein-lipid interactions were observed on triglyceridemia and hepatic cholesterol in fasted rats. The combination
of casein and beef tallow was associated with high plasma TG and hepatic cholesterol concentrations, which were reduced by
substitution either of soy for casein or of menhaden oil for beef tallow. Therefore, triglyceridemia and liver cholesterol
remained low with soy protein feeding, independently of the lipid source, as well as with menhaden oil feeding, regardless
of the protein source. The menhaden oil diets reduced plasma cholesterol, hepatic TG, and TG secretion compared with beef
tallow diets independently of the dietary protein source. Modifying the source of dietary proteins and lipids had no effect
on post-heparin plasma lipoprotein lipase activity. These results demonstrate that soy protein can lower rat triglyceridemia
relative to casein when associated with beef tallow consumption, whereas menhaden oil can attenuate hypertriglyceridemia when
rats are fed casein. The data further suggest that part of the hypotriglyceridemic effect of soy protein in the rat may be
mediated by reduced hepatic lipid synthesis, as is the case for menhaden oil. |
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