邯郸市地下水埋深变化及其影响因素定量分析

地下水是邯郸市的主要水源,探究地下水埋深变化及其影响因素对合理开发和保护地下水资源具有重要意义。文章基于2006—2015年邯郸市地下水观测数据,获得地下水埋深变化空间分布特征,并运用地理探测器定量分析自然因素(高程、坡度、坡向、土壤类型、降水量变化和土壤质地类型)和社会经济因素(土地利用与土地覆盖类型、GDP、人口、农业用水量变化、工业用水量变化和生活用水量变化)对邯郸市整体、邯郸市平原区和山区的地下水位变化的影响。结果表明,就邯郸市整体而言,对地下水变化解释力较大的是高程、土地利用与土地覆盖类型、农业用水变化和生活用水变化;平原区与山区的各因子解释力差别较大,平原区的主要影响因子为工业用水变化和降水量变化,而山区为土地利用与土地覆盖类型。

Quantitative analysis of groundwater depth variation and its influence factors in Handan city

Groundwater is the main component of water resources in Handan City, so it is important to explore the changes of groundwater depth and its influencing factors to reasonably develop and protect groundwater resources.Taking Handan City as the study area, this paper utilizes the geographical detector model to quantify the feedback effects from the terrestrial environment on groundwater depth variation from 2006 to 2015 with a comprehensive consideration of natural factors (elevation, slope, aspect, precipitation change,soil and soil texture type) and socio-economic factors (land use and land cover types, agricultural water usechange, industrial water usechange, domestic water usechange, population and GDP).First, we find that the groundwater depth trend in Handan City is between -4.75and 15.53m/a. Second, elevation, land use and land cover types, agricultural water use change and domestic water use change have a larger contribution to groundwater depth change through compounding feedback, which makes them the leading factors. Finally, the contribution of each factor in plain and mountain areas are quite different, the main influencing factors are industrial water use change and precipitation change for plain area, while they are land use and land cover in the mountainous area. The geographical detector model offers an analytical framework to reveal factors affecting the groundwater depth change, which gives direction for future work on regional groundwater modeling and analyses.