基于损耗实验的电主轴温度场分析

目的分析高速电主轴温度场分布情况，为研究高速电主轴温升、热变形预测提供理论依据．方法建立高速电主轴1／4三维有限元模型，基于损耗实验计算主轴电机及轴承生热率前提下分析高速电主轴温升分布情况．通过电主轴测试系统建立温升实验，测量高速电主轴外壳不同部位温升验证有限元仿真结论．结果仿真结果表明：高速电主轴稳态温度场中转子处温度最高，温度为84．40C；高速主轴壳体最高温升出现在电主轴轴头处，温升为23℃，与实验结果相比误差为8．6％．结论通过分析温升仿真和实验得到高速主轴外壳不同部位温升不同，外壳温度变化是一个非线性变化过程，前2000s温度快速升高，2000s后温度逐步稳定．此结论为有效控制高速主轴温升，减小主轴变形及提高主轴精度提供理论基础．

Motorized Spindle Temperature Field Analysis Based on the Loss

In order to analyze the temperature field distribution of high speed motorized spindle, and provide a theoretical basis for studying temperature rise and thermal deformation high speed motorized spindle, this paper established a 1/4 three-dimensional finite element model, calculated the heat generation rate of spindle motor and bearings based on loss experiment, and analyzed the temperature distribution of the motorized spindle. Through motorized spindle test system, this paper established temperature experiment, measured the temperature of the motorized spindle＇ housing in different parts, and verified the results of finite element sim- ulation. Simulation results show that the highest temperature in steady temperature field appears on the rotor and the temperature is 84.4~C, the maximum temperature rise on the motorized spindle＇s house appears on the shaft head of the motorized spindle and the temperature rise is 23 ~C. Compared with the experiment results,the error of the maximum temperature rise is 8.6%. Through simulation analysis and experimental research on temperature rise, it proves that temperature rise in different parts of the motorized spindle＇s hous- ing is different, the temperature change of the house is nonlinear, the temperature rises rapidly in the first 2000s and then gradually stabilizes. This conclusion provides a theoretical basis for controlling motorized spindle temperature effectively, reducing mainshaft deformation and improving the precision of the spindle.