考虑需求响应虚拟机组和碳交易的含风电电力系统优化调度

在智能电网和低碳电力的背景下,提出一种考虑需求响应虚拟机组和碳交易的含风电电力系统优化调度模型。首先,将需求侧资源分为可调度资源和不可调度资源,在可调度资源中分别建立了价格需求响应虚拟机组和激励需求响应虚拟机组模型,并分析了两种虚拟机组的运行特点;其次,在优化调度模型中引入碳交易,并提出系统碳减排目标的概念及阶梯型碳排放权价格,分析其对碳排放量的制约情况。在此基础上,引入功率平衡约束、机组出力及爬坡约束、虚拟机组运行约束等,建立了以碳交易成本、火电机组发电成本和虚拟机组运行成本为目标的新型低碳经济调度模型,采用细菌群体趋药性(BCC)算法对模型进行求解。通过仿真算例对不同场景下系统的风电消纳情况和系统的综合运行成本进行了分析。算例结果验证了模型及求解方法的可行性及优越性。

Optimal Dispatch of Power System Integrated with Wind Power Considering Virtual Generator Units of Demand Response and Carbon Trading

With carbon trading and virtual generator units based demand response considered, a power system optimal dispatch model integrated with wind power is proposed against the background of smart grid and low-carbon electricity. Firstly, demand-side resources are divided into resources that are to be dispatched and those that are not. Virtual generator units of price-based demand response and incentive-based demand response are established and their operation characteristics are analyzed. Secondly, the carbon trading is introduced into the optimal dispatch model. The concept of CO₂ emission mitigation target is presented and its restriction on carbon emission is analyzed. On this basis, a model considering cost of carbon trading, power generation cost of thermal power units and operating cost of virtual generator units is presented to formulate a novel low-carbon economical dispatch that takes into account constraints on power balance, units output and climbing rate, operation constraints of virtual generator units, and so on. Finally, the bacterial colony chemotaxis(BCC)algorithm is applied to solving this model. Wind power accommodating and the comprehensive operation costs of the system in different scenarios are analyzed through simulation examples. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm are verified by the results of numerical examples.