基于能量守恒的淤泥质外航道风淤估算

回顾了淤泥质海岸外航道回淤的研究进展。基于风能与波能、波能与悬沙位能之间的能量守恒关系,推导了大风过程中波高、挟沙力和航道平均淤积强度的表达式,提出了直接利用风场要素预测某一指定外航道回淤量的经验式。采用天津港某段外航道大风过程的风场要素和回淤资料对经验式进行了实例验证和模拟预测,结果显示,当拟合样本数足够大时,淤积量的预测精度值与实测值能满足工程要求。单位风时淤积强度的预测值表明,风速是影响悬沙挟沙能力和单位时长淤强的主要风场要素。

Forecast of windblown siltation in entrance channel located on muddy coast based on energy conservation

Advances in research on siltation in the entrance channel located on the muddy coast have been reviewed in the paper. Expressions for wave height, sediment-carrying capacity and average siltation intensity during wind process have been derived based on the energy conversation during the transformation among wind energy, wave energy and potential energy of the suspended sediments. Subsequently, the semi-empirical formula forecasting the deposition of a specified entrance navigation channel directly utilizing wind data is put forward. The measurements of the wind field and related siltation in a certain entrance channel of the Tianjin port are used to validate the semi-empirical formula and simulate siltation in this channel based on the formula. Analysis results show that predicted values agree well with the measured values when the sample size is large enough for the fitting of parameters in the semi-empirical equation. In addition, predictions of siltation volume per wind hour for different wind scales indicate that wind speed is the main wind field element affecting the carrying capacity of the suspended sediment and deposition intensity per wind hour of the entrance channel.