光伏电站输出功率影响因素分析

光伏发电系统的发电量取决于太阳辐照强度和温度等因素，其输出功率的变化具有间歇性和不可控性，大规模的光伏并网应用将对大电网的稳定运行造成冲击。光储联合应用将有助于降低光伏电源的负面影响，为了协调配置光伏系统与储能系统，需要深入了解光伏发电系统的输出特性。首先分析了大规模光伏发电系统并网应用对电网带来的影响，进而介绍了光伏发电原理和影响光伏组件输出的因素；然后依托某100 kWp光伏电站的实际历史运行数据，基于统计学方法，从气象因素如日类型、太阳辐射强度和温度等影响光伏出力的角度，对光伏发电系统的输出特性作了定性、定量的分析，从而归纳了光伏输出特性，最后据此提出了光伏电站输出功率的评价指标。

Analysis of Influencing Factors of Output Power of Photovoltaic Power Plant

As the output of the photovoltaic generation system depends on factors such as solar radiation, temperature and so on, and it is intermittent and hard to control, the integration of large quantity of photovoltaic power into the power grid will have substantial impacts on the stability of the latter. To lessen the impacts, we need to configure energy storage devices for photovoltaic power plants and to coordinate the allocation of photovoltaic system with energy storage system, we require a thorough understanding of output characteristics of the photovoltaic system. This paper firstly analyzes the influences of the large-scale photovoltaic generation system connected onto the grid and then introduces the principles and the factors which affect the photovoltaic power output. Based on the history data of a 100 kWp photovoltaic power plant and the statistical method, the paper qualitatively and quantitatively analyzes the photovoltaic output performance; and finally puts forward the PV output power evaluation index. The conclusions of this study will provide powerful data references for follow-up studies and have practical value.