小型化快响应软X射线探测器研究

研制了用于探测脉宽为亚纳秒级软X射线脉冲的小型化X射线探测器，对该类结构的X射线探测器的响应时间参数进行了理论分析与计算。根据理论分析与计算结果，采用基于有限元法的电磁场仿真软件HFSS10.0对该探测器的探测二极管进行了电磁场建模与仿真，并根据传输线理论对传输超宽带信号的同轴输出通路进行了优化设计，采用超薄高介电强度薄膜构成大存储电容的新方式，解决了设计该类高速探测器中存在的大存储电容与耐高压的技术难题。在“神光Ⅲ原型激光装置”上对该探测器进行了实验考核。实验结果表明，探测器的响应时间可达51 ps。此外，还对设计该类高速响应探测器时某些物理学方面的考虑进行了讨论。

Development on Miniature Fast Response Detector for Soft X-Ray

This paper introduces the miniature soft X-ray detector for detecting the subnanosecond X-ray pulse. Its response time is analyzed and calculated in theory. According to the results of the theoretical analysis, the HFSS based on the finite element theory is used to model and simulate the X-ray diode and the transmission line theory is applied to design the ultra-broad band coaxial line also. The high dielectric strength film is chosen to fabricate the big storage capacitance and therefore to solve the problem that it is difficult to fabricate big storage capacitance and high voltage resistance at the same time. The characteristic of the detector is experimentally examined on the archetype of “Shenguang Ⅲ Laser Facility” and the response time is about 51ps. also, Some different physics aspects that need to be considered when designing such fast response detectors are discussed.