古代白陶的元素分布及拉曼光谱分析

利用能量色散X射线荧光光谱分析和拉曼光谱分析对黄河流域典型遗址出土的新石器时代白陶样品进行元素分布和物相结构分析,以了解白陶这一特殊陶器的原料和工艺特征。结果表明,锐钛矿和赤铁矿等广泛分布于各个遗址白陶中,这正是天然高岭土的主要矿物特征之一,并且发现在二里头遗址泛灰色白陶胎体及颗粒中广泛分布有碳黑;两城镇遗址白陶中长石的颗粒分布尤为突出,个别样品中还有阳起石的存在,说明两城镇遗址白陶选用的原料较为特别;一些白陶的内壁存在钙质结层,这是古人使用这些器具炊煮过程中的一些印记,并且从龙山文化到二里头文化,白陶一直保留作为煮水器物的功能。

Elemental Distribution and Raman Spectrum Analysis of Ancient White Pottery

By using the mapping function of energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrum analysis and Raman spectrum analysis,the element distribution and phase structure of white pottery in Neolithic period unearthed from typical sites in the Yellow River Basin were analyzed to understand the raw materials and technological characteristics of this special pottery.The results show that anatase and hematite are widely distributed in the white pottery of various sites,which is one of the main mineral characteristics of natural kaolin.It is also found that carbon black is widely distributed in the matrix and particles of gray white pottery in Erlitou site.The particle distribution of feldspar in the white pottery of Liangchengzhen site is particularly prominent,with the existence of actinolite in some samples,indicating that the white pottery of Liangchengzhen site use special raw material.Some white pottery has a calcareous layer on its inner surface,which is residue in the cooking process of ancient people using these utensils.From Longshan culture to Erlitou culture,white pottery has always retained its function as a water cooking utensil.