Tensile Strength of Unsaturated Sand |
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Authors: | Ning Lu Tae-Hyung Kim Stein Sture William J Likos |
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Affiliation: | 1Professor, Div. of Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 (corresponding author). E-mail: ninglu@mines.edu 2Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Korea Maritime Univ., Busan 606-791, Korea. 3Professor and Vice Chancellor for Research, Univ. of Colorado–Boulder, the Regent Administrative Center, Boulder, CO 80309. 4Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Missouri–Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211.
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Abstract: | A theory that accurately describes tensile strength of wet sand is presented. A closed form expression for tensile strength unifies tensile strength characteristics in all three water retention regimes: pendular, funicular, and capillary. Tensile strength characteristically increases as soil water content increases in the pendular regime, reaches a peak in the funicular regime, and reduces with a continuing water content increase in the capillary regime. Three parameters are employed in the theory: internal friction angle (at low normal stress) ?t, the inverse value of the air-entry pressure α, and the pore size spectrum parameter n. The magnitude of peak tensile strength is dominantly controlled by the α parameter. The saturation at which peak tensile strength occurs only depends on the pore size spectrum parameter n. The closed form expression accords well with experimental water retention and tensile strength data for different sands. |
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Keywords: | Tensile strength Sand soil type Unsaturated soil Soil water Soil suction Effective stress |
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