三种基流分割方法在黄河源区应用中的对比分析

基于黄河源区唐乃亥水文站1961~2004年的实测逐日径流量资料,分析基流年内分配规律,分别选取典型年径流量过程单峰型(2003年)、双峰型(1963年)、多峰型(1967年)进行标准化处理,运用数字滤波法、加里宁试算法和改进的经验斜割法计算基流过程和基流指数(BFI),并对比分析了气候、冰川(积融雪)和冻土过程对各种方法分割结果的影响。结果表明,黄河源区径流年内分配规律受自然条件的影响不同于其他流域;基流计算中数字滤波法计算结果稳定,加里宁试算法更贴合实测径流过程,经验斜割法在枯水年份基流分割中更为简便,应根据不同的年内径流过程及基流计算目的选择合适的基流分割方法。

Applications of Three Base Flow Separation Methods in Source Region of Yellow River

According to the daily runoff data of Tangnaihai hydrologic station in the source region of the Yellow River from 1961 to 2004, the annual runoff distribution of base flow were analyzed. Three intra annual runoff distributions were selected in which the runoff processes were the single peak (2003), dual peaks (1963), multi peaks (1967) types, and standardized the flow. The process of digital filtering, Kalinin test algorithm and improved experience oblique cutting method were used to calculate the base flow process and index BFI. The influence of climate, glacier and frozen soil process on three base flow separation methods is comparative analysis. The results show that the runoff distribution law of the source region of the Yellow River affected by natural conditions is different from other river basins; the results of base flow calculation are stable with the digital filter method; the Kalinin test algorithm fits to the measured runoff distribution; experience oblique cutting method is easier in the base flow separation of the dry years. Therefore, base flow separation methods should be selected according to different annual runoff distributions and the various purposes.