梯度升温法对超临界CO2萃取蜂胶的影响

在用超临界CO2萃取蜂胶过程中，蜂胶得率往往只有8％-12％，且其中黄酮类化合物含量也只有5％-6％。这是由于蜂胶在高于常温条件和高压力条件下容易结块、板结，导致CO2气体由弥散式通过萃取物的形式变成通道式通过萃取物，从而大范围降低与萃取物的接触面积使萃取蜂胶有效成分降低、得率下降甚至萃取失败。通过设置梯度升温方式进行萃取可以缓解板结、结块而使蜂胶有效成分萃取完全，萃取得率增加到15％-20％，其中黄酮类化合物含量达到7％-9％。

EFFECTS OF GRADIENT ELEVATION OF TEMPERATURE ON SUPERCRITICAL CO2 EXTRACTION OF PROPOLIS

In the process of supercritical CO2 extraction of propolis, the rate of propolis is only 8 %-12 %, flavonoids content is also only 5 %-6 %. Because in higher than under the normal temperature condition and the high pressure condition, propolis is easily agglomerate and harden, the CO2 gas turn to the channel by the dissemination type through the extract form, thus the extract contacted area reduces and the extract rate of effective component from propolis is reduced, the rate is dropped and even defeated. Through the establishment of gradient elevation of temperature way to be allowed to alleviate hardens, agglomerates, the effective component from propolis will be extractd completely, the extract rate increase to 15 %-20 %, the content of flavonoids reaches 7 %-9 %.