宽方位角地震勘探技术评述

 本文通过文献调研，阐述了国内外宽方位角勘探的发展现状，明确了宽方位角的定义、并给出了部分应用实例。文中列举了宽方位采集中对覆盖次数、面元、最大炮检距、最小炮检距等采集参数的设计要求，并列出了国内外几种常用的宽方位角观测系统。在此基础上指出了宽方位角处理存在的主要问题，介绍了方位角旅行时间校正、视各向异性动校正、基尔霍夫求和法三维DMO、方位角速度谱分析等宽方位角处理方法，并给出了一个简单的处理流程。关于宽方位角采集资料的解释，文中建议用好相干、振幅、相位等常见地震属性外，应尝试使用复合地震属性。

Summary of wide-azimuth seismic exploration technique

Through literatures investigation and study, the paper expounded the development situation of wide-azimuth exploration abroad and at home,clarified the definition of wide azimuth and gave a part of application cases. The paper listed the demands on designed acquisition parameters such as folds, bin size,maximum offset and minimum offset etc in wide-azimuth seismic data acquisition and gave some common-used wide-azimuth geometry at home and abroad. Based on that,the paper pointed out the main issues present in the wide-azimuth processing, introduced azimuth processing approaches such as azimuth travel-time correction, apparent anisotropic normal moveout, 3-D Kirchhoff summation DM0 and azimuth velocity spectrum a-nalysis and gave a simple processing flow. Talking about the interpretation of wide-azimuth acquisition data,the paper suggested that it should try to use complex seismic attributes aside from well u-sing common seismic attributes such as coherent, amplitude and phase.