从电子配对看物质的“抗磁性”和“顺磁性”

不同物质的分子在磁场中表现出不同的磁性质。多数的物质在磁场中会产生一个对着外磁场方向的磁矩,有的成为抗磁性物质,有的成为顺磁性物质。如果一种物质中的电子都已经配对,没有未成对的电子,这样的物质就是抗磁性物质。一种物质中存在未成对的电子,在磁场中能顺着磁场的方向产生一个磁矩的物质就成为顺磁性物质。简单的用有没有未成对电子判断抗磁性和顺磁性是存在局限性的,但大部分时候是有效的。

On antimagnetic and paramagnetic of matter by analyzing the matched electrons

Different molecules of substances have different magnetism when put into the magnetic field.Most of them may give rise to a magnetic moment,while some of them turn out to be antimagnetic,and the others turn out to be paramagnetic.If the electrons are matched pair,then the matter must be antimagnetic.But if there are unmatched electron pairs,then it will produce a magnetic moment along the direction of external magnetic field,thus show paramagnetic.The origin of magnetism is complex and it is unsuitable to judge whether a substance possesses antimagnetic or paramagnetic only by the presence or absence of matched electron pairs,but the matched electron pair theory works most of the time.