北京污水厂进、出水中内分泌干扰物的分布

以三种酚类化合物(4-OP、4-n-NP、BPA)、五种雌激素(E1、E2、E3、17α-E2、EE2)为目标物,对其在北京市三个污水处理厂进、出水中的浓度及工艺流程中的分布、迁移进行了研究.结果表明,污水处理厂出水中浓度最高的物质是BPA、EE2,分别为(56～140)、(78～115)ng/L.BPA和天然雌激素(17α-E2除外)主要被生物降解去除,而对EE2的去除主要发生在初级处理过程,去除率约为63%.两种烷基酚在污水处理厂并不能被有效去除.与欧美国家、日本等相比,北京市污水处理厂进、出水中的内分泌干扰物浓度偏高,尤其是出水中的雌激素浓度较高,具有一定的环境风险.

Distribution of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds in Wastewater Treatment Plants of Beijing

The eight kinds of selected endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) composed of three phenolic compounds and five estrogens were investigated in three wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) of Beijing. These EDCs include 4-octylphenol (4-OP), 4-n-nonylphenol (4-n-NP), bisphenol A (BPA), estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), 17α-estradiol (17α-E2) and 17 α-ethinylestradi-ol (EE2). BPA and EE2 are on the top list of selected EDCs in the effluent with concentrations of 56 to 140 ng/L and 78 to 115 ng/L, respectively. BPA and natural estrogens (except 17α-E2) are removed mainly by biological treatment while the removal of EE2 takes place mainly in primary treatment with the removal rate of about 63%. Besides, the processes of WWTPs studied can not remove the two alkylphe-nols (4-OP and 4-n-NP) efficiently. Compared with those of WWTPs in USA, Europe and Japan, EDCs concentrations in the influent and effluent of WWTPs studied, especially effluent estrogens, are higher, which shows an environmental risk.