油页岩有氧干馏过程的机理研究

常规的油页岩无氧干馏技术具有高能输入的缺点,因此本课题组发展了低能输入且无需高温热载体的有氧干馏技术。利用热重分析技术(TG-DTA),并结合拉曼和红外(FT-IR)等表征技术,研究了桦甸油页岩在不同过程中的分解特性。结果表明:在无氧条件下油页岩的热失重显著低于在有氧条件下的热失重,归于在无氧过程中产生大量的不能生成页岩油的残余碳。残余的碳与氧很容易发生反应并能放出大量热量,残余的碳与氧气反应释放出的热量高达油页岩总热值的35%,这部分热量远远高于油页岩热解所需的热量。最后,根据以上的分析结果,提出了油页岩有氧干馏过程可能的反应机理。

Study on the Mechanism of Oil-shale Aerobic Retorting Process

A main obstacle to anaerobic retorting (AR) of oil shale is the required high-energy input, recently a low-energy-input route was developed by self-heating retorting (SHR) without high temperature heat carrier. Characteristics of kerogen decomposition of Huadian oil shale with different processes were investigated based on TG/DTG, Raman and FT-IR analysis. The results show that the much lower weight loss in AR is mainly attributed to the residual carbon which is brisk with oxygen and can be reacted to release heat, the heat is enough for pyrolysis as much as 35％ of the gross heating value of raw oil shale. Finally, according to the above analysis, the possible reaction mechanism of oil shale SHR process was put forward.