Green etherification of bioglycerol with 1-phenyl ethanol over supported heteropolyacid |
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Authors: | Ganapati D Yadav Payal A Chandan Nirupama Gopalaswami |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT), Matunga, Mumbai, 400 019, India |
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Abstract: | Escalating demand for biodiesel production has generated surplus glycerol. Therefore, the consumption of glycerol for valuable
conversions has become a global challenge. In an effort to convert glycerol, we have etherified it to make a biologically
active component, 3-(1-phenylethoxy) propane-1,2-diol. Etherification of glycerol with 1-phenyl ethanol was carried out by
using heterogeneous acid catalysts. The process is green and clean. Different types of heteropolyacids (HPAs) supported on
hexagonal mesoporous silica (HMS) and K-10 clay were prepared by incipient-wetness technique and screened to get high selectivity
towards monoether of glycerol. 20% w/w dodeca-tungstophosphoric acid (DTP)/HMS was found to be the best. The effects of various reaction parameters such as speed of agitation,
catalyst loading, mole ratio of reactants and temperature were evaluated systematically to prove that the reaction obeys Langmuir–Hinshelwood–Hougen–Watson
(LHHW) type of mechanism. It was also observed that the reaction was free from any external mass transfer as well as intra-particle
diffusion limitations and was intrinsically kinetically controlled. An overall second order kinetic equation was used to fit
the experimental data, under the assumption that all the species are weakly adsorbed on the catalytic sites. Apparent activation
energy was estimated as 27.0 kcal/mol. Solvent-free condition for this reaction has also added the green chemistry perception
to the reaction. |
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