塔里木盆地超深层走滑断裂带的地震识别方法

超深层(深度为7500～9000m)走滑断裂带是塔里木盆地重要的油气富集带之一。超深层非均质储层的形成与走滑断裂的改造作用及溶蚀作用密切相关。走滑断裂带呈能量不一、杂乱的地震反射特征。如何准确识别超深层致密灰岩中的走滑断裂带，是提升油田产能亟需解决的问题之一。为此，提出一种超深层走滑断裂带地震识别的组合方法。首先，引入地层倾角扫描结果，构建一个基于地震倾角数据的横向平滑滤波器，对原始地震数据实施横向平滑滤波，获取具有局部地层背景特征的横向趋势数据；然后，计算该地层能量背景横向趋势数据与原始地震数据的残差，得到走滑断裂带增强响应的数据，进而指导走滑断裂带的识别。模型试验及实际资料应用均表明，应用该方法处理后的地震数据对非均质地质体的分辨能力有明显提升，可有效识别不同尺度断裂，并能够分辨被淹没在地层能量背景下的缝洞体。该方法适用性强，对类似地质体识别具有推广价值。

Seismic identification method of ultra-deep strike-slip fault zones in Tarim Basin

The ultra-deep (7500-9000 m) strike-slip fault zones (SFZs) are the important oil and gas enrichment zones in the Tarim Basin. The formation of ultra-deep heterogeneous reservoirs is closely rela-ted to the reformation and dissolution of SFZs, and SFZs are characterized by disordered seismic reflections with different energy. How to accurately identify SFZs in the ultra-deep tight limestone is one of the problems that need to be solved for higher productivity of oilfields. Therefore, a combined method for seismic identification of ultra-deep SFZs is proposed. Firstly, a transverse smoothing filter based on the seismic dip angle data is constructed by the introduction of the scanning results of formation dip angles, and the transverse smoothing filter is applied to the original seismic data to obtain the transverse trend data with local stratigraphic background characteristics. Then, the residual between the transverse trend data of the formation energy background and the original seismic data is calculated, and the enhanced response data of SFZs is finally obtained, which can guide the identification of SFZs. The model test and practical data application show that the seismic data produced by this method has significantly higher discrimination of heterogeneous geological bodies, which can effectively identify faults of different scales and distinguish fractures and cavities submerged in the background of formation energy. This method has strong applicability and is worth popularizing for the identification of similar geolo-gical bodies.