压电半导体纳米材料在声动力疗法中的应用进展

随着纳米医学的发展, 利用纳米材料在外源超声波的刺激下催化产生过量的活性氧物种(Reactive Oxygen Species, ROS)以治疗疾病的方法, 被称为声动力疗法(Sonodynamic Therapy, SDT), 已引起人们的广泛关注。目前, 开发可用于SDT的高效声敏剂用于提高ROS产率, 仍然是当前研究和未来临床转化的最大挑战之一。近年来, 得益于压电电子学和压电光电子学的兴起, 基于压电半导体纳米材料的新型声敏剂在SDT中崭露头角, 显示出良好的应用前景。本文从压电半导体的结构出发, 介绍了压电半导体纳米材料应用于SDT的机理研究, 以及利用压电半导体纳米材料作为声敏剂在声动力学癌症治疗及相关抗菌性能方面所取得的研究进展。最后, 本文对该领域存在的问题以及未来的发展趋势进行了展望。

Piezoelectric Semiconductor Nanomaterials in Sonodynamic Therapy: a Review

With the development of nanomedicine, utilization of nanomaterials to catalyze the generation of excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) under exogenous ultrasound stimulation has attracted widespread attention for disease therapy, which is called sonodynamic therapy (SDT). Currently, development of high-efficiency sonosensitizers that can be used in SDT to improve ROS yield remains one of the most important challenges for current research and future clinical translation. Recently, benefited from the development of piezotronics and piezophototronics, novel sonosensitizers based on piezoelectric semiconductor nanomaterials have shown promising applications in SDT. In this review, we outline the structures and properties of piezoelectric semiconductors, and introduce the presumed mechanism of SDT with piezoelectric semiconductors. The newest research progresses on using piezoelectric semiconductor as sonosensitizer in cancer treatments and antibacterial applications are summarized. Finally, the existing challenges and future development trends in this field are proposed.