超强台风“山竹”期间珠三角地区超高层建筑的风效应实测研究

对超强台风“山竹”侵袭时珠三角地区数栋超高层建筑的风致响应实测结果进行分析和总结，开展内伶仃岛缩尺模型风洞试验，获取该岛对气象站点风速的影响系数，并依此对观测风速进行订正，结合实测和风洞试验分析和评价深圳湾壹号7号塔楼(T7)的抗风性能。结果表明：不同高度、平立面外形的超高层建筑实测风致最大峰值加速度均超过10 cm/s2，且超高层建筑风振响应和建筑高度不存在相关性；在所有被测的建筑中加速度响应最小的建筑为高度342 m的T7，其最大峰值加速度仅为13.2 cm/s2；参数识别得到T7的模态频率和阻尼比显示均具有明显的时变特征，最大风速时段识别的模态频率整体上较有限元数据模拟结果增大21%，前两阶模态阻尼比分别为2.1%和1.7%；优化的气动外形和合理的朝向是T7抗风性能优良的主要原因，对于一般矩形平面的超高层建筑应避免使其窄边面向所在地的强风主导风向；采用订正后的风速值和参数识别结果对风洞数据进行重分析，结果显示计算值和实测值吻合较好，验证了前期风洞试验的可靠性。

Study on full-scale measurements of wind effect on super high-rise buildings in Pearl River Delta region during super Typhoon Mangkhut

The field data of wind-induced response of super high-rise buildings (SHBs) in the Pearl River Delta region during super Typhoon Mangkhut were analyzed and summarized. The wind tunnel test of Noi Ling Ding Island was conducted to obtain the influence coefficient of the island on the wind speed of the meteorological station. Based on the observed wind speed corrected by the influence coefficient, combined with field measurement and wind tunnel test, the wind-resistant performance of Tower 7 (T7) in One Shenzhen Bay was elaborately analyzed and evaluated. The results show that the measured wind-induced peak acceleration of SHBs with different heights, planes, and elevation shapes are all more than 10 cm/s2, and no correlation between wind-induced response and building height exists. Among all the measured buildings, the T7 building with a height of 342 m records the lowest peak acceleration response of 132 cm/s2. Parameter identification shows that the modal frequencies and damping ratios of T7 exhibit regular time-varying characteristics, and the identified modal frequencies during maximum wind speed are 21% higher than those of finite element simulation, and the first two-order damping ratios are 2.1% and 1.7%, respectively. The optimized aerodynamic shape and reasonable orientation are the predominant reasons for the excellent wind-resistant performance of T7. Therefore, for the ordinary rectangular cross-section SHB, the narrow side of the building should be avoided to face the strong wind direction. The corrected wind speed and parameter identification results are used to reanalyze the wind tunnel data. It is found that the results of full-scale measurements and wind tunnel test can match well, which shows the reliability of the previous wind tunnel test.