基于Concat-UNet的食管癌肿瘤医学影像分割研究

食管癌肿瘤的诊断方式主要是医生对胸部计算机断层扫描（CT）影像进行阅片。由于医生的主观判断易受外界环境的干扰，因此诊断结果与实际结果存在偏差。基于深度学习的图像分割网络对辅助诊断食管癌肿瘤具有重要意义。因食管在整体胸部CT影像中所占的区域较小且对比度较低，传统的图像分割网络难以准确地确定食管癌肿瘤的区域。为精准分割医学CT影像中的食管癌肿瘤，提出图像分割网络Concat-UNet。基于U-Net网络，采用编码解码模式的U型对称架构对网络中的卷积模块进行改进，并引入跳跃连接和批量归一化层，将卷积模块的原始输入与提取特征后的输出进行特征融合，以增强网络的特征提取能力。在此基础上，采用BCEWithLogits与Dice损失函数相结合的方式联合训练网络。实验结果表明，相比SegNet、ERFNet、U-Net等网络，Concat-UNet在食管癌数据集上的检测精确率为91.87%，相比基准网络U-Net提升了11.64个百分点，具有较优的分割效果。

Research on Medical Image Segmentation for Esophageal Cancer Tumors Based on Concat-UNet

The diagnosis of esophageal cancer tumors mainly depends on the observation of chest images by doctors based on Computed Tomography(CT) scan.Because the doctor's subjective judgment is easily influenced by environmental factors, a deviation may exist between the diagnosis and actual results.The image segmentation network based on deep learning is crucial for the auxiliary diagnosis of esophageal cancer.Because of the small area and low contrast of the esophagus in the entire chest CT image, it is difficult to accurately determine the area of esophageal cancer tumor based on the traditional image segmentation network.This paper proposes an image segmentation network Concat-UNet to accurately segment esophageal cancer tumors in medical CT images.Based on the U-Net network, the convolution module in the network is improved using the U-shaped symmetric architecture of encoding and decoding mode.The skip connection and Batch Normalization(BN) layer are introduced to fuse the original input of the convolution module with the output after feature extraction to enhance the feature extraction capability of the network. On this basis, the combination of BCEWithLogits and Dice loss functions is used to jointly guide the network training to stabilize the network training.The experimental results show that compared with SegNet, ERFNet, U-Net, and other networks, Concat-UNet has a detection accuracy of 91.87% for the esophageal cancer dataset and exhibits an improved segmentation effect.Specifically, Concat-UNet is improved by 11.64 percentage points over the baseline U-Net network.