SiCp/Al复合材料超声振动研磨工艺研究

针对SiCp/Al材料传统研磨方法加工困难，研磨工具磨损快，加工后难以获得高质量表面等问题，采用超声振动研磨加工方法可以显著改善其加工效果。通过对单磨粒的超声振动轨迹进行分析，得出其运动轨迹为空间椭圆形，可实现磨粒与工件间歇性的接触加工；采用树脂结合剂金刚石磨头对SiC体积分数为40%的SiCp/Al材料进行超声振动研磨加工试验，在不同的主轴转速n、进给速度v和研磨深度a_p以及磨料粒度d下，利用单因素试验法对工件进行研磨，检测加工后工件表面粗糙度，得出各工艺参数对工件表面粗糙度S_a值的影响规律。结果表明:超声振动研磨后的工件表面粗糙度S_a值相较于普通研磨后的79 nm下降为45 nm；超声振动研磨后工件表面粗糙度随n的增大先减小后增大，转速为1 800 r/min时，粗糙度值最小；工件表面粗糙度随v和a_p的增大而增大，随着d的减小而减小。并得出试验参数内的最优参数组合为:n=1 800 r/min，v=5 mm/min，a_p=1 μm，d=4.5 μm。 

Research on ultrasonic vibration grinding technology of SiCp/Al composites

In view of the difficulties in processing SiCp/Al materials by traditional grinding methods, the rapid wear of grinding tools, and the difficulties in obtaining high surface quality after processing, the ultrasonic vibration grinding method can significantly improve the processing effect. By analyzing the ultrasonic vibration trajectory of a single abrasive particle, it is concluded that its movement trajectory is a space ellipse shape, which can realize intermittent contact processing between the abrasive particle and the workpiece. The ultrasonic vibration grinding test is carried out on the SiCp/Al material with a volume fraction of 40% by using a resin-bonded diamond grinding head. Under different spindle speeds n, feed rates v, grinding depths a_p and abrasive particle sizes d, the single-factor test method is used to detecte surface roughness of the workpiece. How each process parameter influences the S_a value of the workpiece surface roughness is obtained. And it is verified that ultrasonic vibration grinding of SiCp/Al can effectively improve the surface quality. The surface roughness of workpiece after ultrasonic vibration grinding decreases to 45 nm compared with 79 nm after ordinary grinding. The surface roughness of the workpiece first decreases and then increases with the increase of n, and it is the smallest when the speed is 1 800 r/min. The surface roughness of the workpiece increases with the increase of v and a_p, and decreases with the decrease of d. And the optimal parameter combination in the test parameters is obtained: n=1 800 r/min, v=5 mm/min, a_p=1 μm,d=4.5 μm.