二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵合成工艺研究

本文研究了反应物料投加比对产物二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵（DMDAAC）单体收率及其参加与丙烯酰胺（AM）共聚反应活性的影响。以二甲胺、氯丙烯、氢氧化钠为原料一步法制备DMDAAC，以10%阳离子度二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵-丙烯酰胺共聚物PDA的聚合反应为模板，采用单体产物收率和聚合产物特征黏度为主要考核指标，对制备DMDAAC单体的投料比对上述两考核指标的影响进行了系统研究。结果表明，反应物投料比不仅对单体收率，而且对其参加共聚反应的反应活性有直接影响。反应物投料比为n氯丙烯:n氢氧化钠:n二甲胺 =2.08:0.965:1时，以二甲胺计的DMDAAC单体收率为92.7%，DMDAAC单体产物制备10%阳离子度PDA聚合产物较佳特征黏度为12.8dL/g。对单体和共聚产物进行了红外光谱和核磁表征。研究结果可为进一步研制高收率、高纯度、高反应活性DMDAAC单体产物奠定实验基础。

Study on the Synthetic Process of Dimethyldiallylammonium Chloride

The effect of raw material ratios on the yield and polymerization reactivity of monomer dimethyldiallylammonium chloride(DMDAAC) was researched in this paper. DMDAAC was prepared by one-step method using dimethylamine, allyl chloride and sodium hydroxide as raw material. The yield of monomer and the intrinsic viscosity of its copolymer DMDAAC-co-AM with cationicity of 10% were used as assessment indexes, and the effect of raw material ratios on them was researched systematically, using the polymerization of DMDAAC-co-AM as template reaction . The results showed that, the raw material ratios had direct influence not only on the yield of DMDAAC monomer, but also on the polymerization reactivity in copolymerization. And the yield calculated based on DMA was 92.7% and the intrinsic viscosity of the copolymer was 12.8dL/g when the optimal raw material ratio was nAC:nNaOH:nDMA =2.08:0.965:1. The products of DMDAAC monomer and coplolymer were characterized by IR and NMR. The results established an experimental basis for the further development of DMDAAC monomer products with high yield, high purity, and high reactivity.