转炉炼钢出钢过程的数值模拟

不同直径的出钢口决定转炉出钢流场的分布,从而影响出钢过程的钢水温降,而钢水温降直接影响转炉出钢温度以及炼钢生产节奏。为掌握出钢过程中的温降规律以及设计合理的出钢口参数,利用Ansys软件包建立三维转炉及钢包模型,借助数值模拟方法,研究得到200 t转炉在不同尺寸出钢口下的出钢流场数据,进而针对出钢过程中的钢水注流,研究出钢口尺寸及钢包内壁温度对注流温降的影响规律。研究发现,钢水注流的温降与注流比表面积成正比;另外在出钢早期,内壁温度每提升100 K,注流温降平均减小0.4~0.7 K。后续将继续开展出钢过程中钢包及合金辅料对钢水温降影响规律的研究,以期为转炉出钢工艺提供数据支撑。

Numerical simulation of tapping process in converter steelmaking

Different diameters of the tapping hole determine the distribution of tapping flow field, which affects the steel temperature drop during the tapping process, and the steel temperature drop directly affects the converter tapping temperature and the rhythm of steelmaking production. In order to master the law of temperature drop in the process of tapping and design reasonable parameters of tapping hole, Ansys software package was used to establish 3D converter and ladle model. With the help of numerical simulation method, the data of tapping flow field for 200 t converter under different sizes of tapping hole was studied. Taking liquid steel injection flow during the tapping process as the research object, the influence of tapping hole size and inner wall temperature of ladle on the temperature drop of injection flow was studied. It is found that the temperature drop of liquid steel injection flow is proportional to the specific surface area of injection flow. In addition, at the early stage of steel tapping, the temperature drop of injection flow decreases by 0.4-0.7 K on average when the inner wall temperature increases by 100 K. The research on the influence of ladle and alloy auxiliary materials on the temperature drop in the process of steel tapping will be carried out in the future, which is expected to provide data support for steel tapping process of converter.