木质纤维生物质预处理技术研究进展

木质纤维生物质是全球储量最为丰富的低碳可再生资源,可用于清洁能源的生产和高附加值化工产品的开发,具有极大的开发利用潜力和广阔的应用前景。木质纤维生物质各组分之间通过共价和非共价键结合形成致密的结构,阻碍了酶对木质纤维素的降解。有效的预处理工艺可去除木质纤维素难降解组分,提高游离糖的产率,实现增值产品的可持续生产。综述了不同预处理工艺的作用原理以及半纤维素和木质素的去除效果,总结归纳了不同预处理的主要优缺点,对不同的预处理转化过程进行了分析和综合评价,同时分析了预处理工艺未来面临的挑战和发展趋势,以期为实现木质纤维生物质中各组分的高效分级利用提供理论方案。

Research Progress of Lignocellulosic Biomass Pretreatment Technology

Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant low carbon renewable resource on the earth. It can be used to produce clean energy and develop high-value chemical products with great potential and broad application prospects. Lignocellulosic biomass components form compact structures through covalent and non-covalent bonds, which hinder enzymatic degradation of lignocellulose. An effective pretreatment process can remove the refractory components of lignocellulosic biomass, improve the yield of free sugars, and achieve sustainable production of value-added products. In this paper, the recent advances of different pretreatment processes were reviewed, including their reaction mechanism and the performance for hemicellulose and lignin removal. The main advantages and disadvantages of different pretreatment were also summarized. Furthermore, the challenges and future development directions of solvent pretreatment were proposed, which may provide theoretical solutions for achieving efficient hierarchical utilization of various components in lignocellulosic biomass.