煤矿松散煤层破碎顶板巷道支护技术研究

安阳煤矿1512工作面胶带巷沿5号煤层顶板掘进，煤层松散顶板破碎，巷道支护难度大。通过现场原位测试地应力大小和方向、顶帮煤岩体强度和节理裂隙发育情况、顶底板岩石矿物成分分析等手段，揭示巷道变形机理为煤层强度低且松散，顶板砂质泥岩完整性差，顶底板岩石黏土矿物含量高遇水易软化和膨胀，加之锚杆锚索预紧力低且护表构件面积小，锚杆锚索预紧力不能实现有效扩散，巷道初始支护强度低，以上因素综合影响致使巷道产生较大变形。针对性提出以提高锚杆锚索预紧力并增加支护构件护表面积为技术核心，设计了巷道支护方案，进行了现场试验，矿压监测结果显示，高预紧力锚杆锚索+喷浆支护的协同控制技术方案，基本解决了安阳煤矿松散煤层破碎顶板巷道支护难题。

Research on supporting technology of broken roof roadway in loose coal seam of coal mine

The belt roadway of 1512 working face in Anyang Coal Mine was driven along the roof of No.5 coal seam,the loose roof of the coal seam is broken,and the roadway supporting is difficult.Through on-site in-situ testing of the magnitude and direction of ground stress,the strength of the top wall coal and rock mass and the development of joint fissures,and the analysis of the mineral composition of the roof and floor rocks,it is revealed that the deformation mechanism of the roadway is that the strength of the coal seam is low and loose,the integrity of the roof sandy mudstone is poor,the clay mineral content of the roof and floor rocks is high,and it is easy to soften and expand when encountering water.In addition,the pre-tightening force of the bolt and anchor cable is low,and the area of the surface protection components is small,so the pre-tightening force of the bolt and anchor cable.The initial supporting strength of the roadway is low,and the comprehensive influence of the above factors leads to a large deformation of the roadway.Aiming at the technical core of improving the pre-tightening force of bolt and cable and increasing the surface area of supporting components,the roadway supporting scheme is designed and field tests are carried out.The mine pressure monitoring results show that the coordinated control technical scheme of high pre-tightening force bolt and anchor cable+shotcrete supporting basically solved the problem of roadway supporting in broken roof of loose coal seams in Anyang Coal Mine.