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中美页岩气勘探开发历程、地质特征和开发利用条件对比及启示
引用本文:张君峰,周志,宋腾,李飞,陈榕,卢妍欣,陈相霖,徐秋晨,王超,王昱荦.中美页岩气勘探开发历程、地质特征和开发利用条件对比及启示[J].石油学报,2022,43(12):1687-1701.
作者姓名:张君峰  周志  宋腾  李飞  陈榕  卢妍欣  陈相霖  徐秋晨  王超  王昱荦
作者单位:1. 中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心 北京 100083;2. 中国地质调查局非常规油气地质实验室 北京 100083;3. 中国石油大学(北京)非常规油气科学技术研究院 北京 102249;4. 中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院 北京 100083
基金项目:中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20189812,DD20221653)资助。
摘    要:分析美国"页岩气革命"的成功经验对促进中国页岩气产业发展具有重要意义。对比研究中美两国页岩气的勘探开发历程、成藏地质条件、开发利用条件以及资源开发现状,结果表明:中美两国均拥有丰富的页岩气资源,但中国的页岩气勘探开发起步晚,资源探明率低,开发程度低,产量远低于美国,尚处于早期快速发展阶段。美国拥有得天独厚的页岩气成藏地质条件,优越的开发地质条件,完备的开发基础设施;美国在页岩气勘探开发方面的技术创新能力强,工艺技术全球领先,加上产业政策扶持等多种因素,共同促成了其页岩气产量的飞跃。与美国相比,中国的地质构造演化期次多,沉积盆地类型多,发育海相、海陆过渡相和陆相3种类型页岩,不同类型页岩的品质差异大;加之受晚期构造改造强烈,不同构造单元的页岩气保存条件差异大。中国页岩气主要分布区的地形地貌、地下地质条件复杂,开发基础设施相对薄弱,目前在立体高效开发等关键技术和工艺方面与美国存在较大差距。页岩气是中美天然气未来产量增长的主体,也是中国天然气产量增长的重要力量。建议:①进一步加快四川盆地五峰组—龙马溪组页岩气的勘探开发,实现增储上产;②进一步发挥公益性油气地质调查的引领作用,加强新区、新层系页岩气的地质调查和评价工作,开辟新的页岩气产能基地;③加强自主创新,强化成藏理论研究,攻关适合中国地表地质特点的关键技术工艺,促进深层、常压、陆相和海陆过渡相页岩气的低成本有效开发;④继续从政策方面给予扶持,促进页岩气产业快速发展。

关 键 词:页岩气  资源特征  页岩气革命  产业政策  开发历程  成藏条件  开发条件  发展趋势  
收稿时间:2022-09-19
修稿时间:2022-10-28

Comparison of exploration and development history,geological characteristics and exploitation conditions of shale gas in China and the United States and its enlightenment
Zhang Junfeng,Zhou Zhi,Song Teng,Li Fei,Chen Rong,Lu Yanxin,Chen Xianglin,Xu Qiuchen,Wang Chao,Wang Yuluo.Comparison of exploration and development history,geological characteristics and exploitation conditions of shale gas in China and the United States and its enlightenment[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2022,43(12):1687-1701.
Authors:Zhang Junfeng  Zhou Zhi  Song Teng  Li Fei  Chen Rong  Lu Yanxin  Chen Xianglin  Xu Qiuchen  Wang Chao  Wang Yuluo
Affiliation:1. Oil and Gas Survey Center, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083, China;2. Unconventional Oil and Gas Geology Laboratory, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083;3. Unconventional Petroleum Research Institute, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China;4. School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
Abstract:Analyzing the successful experience of the shale gas revolution in the United States is of great significance for promoting the development of China’s shale gas industry. A comparative study is performed on the exploration and development history, geological conditions for accumulation, development and utilization conditions and resource development status of shale gas in China and the United States. The results show that although both China and the United States have abundant shale gas resources, China’s shale gas output is far lower than that of the United States due to late beginning of exploration and development, low proved resource rate, and low development degree. The shale gas exploration and development in China is still in the early stage of rapid development. The United States has unique geological conditions for shale gas accumulation, superior geological conditions for development, and complete development infrastructure. Moreover, the United States has such advantages as strong technological innovation capability, world-leading process technology, and industrial policy support, which jointly promote the leap in shale gas production. Compared with the United States, China has several disadvantages such as multiple stages of tectonic evolution, multiple types of sedimentary basins, and three types of shales developing in marine, transitional and continental facies. Different types of shales varies greatly in quality. In addition, due to the strong tectonic transformation in the late period, the shale gas preservation conditions are very different in various structural units. The main distribution areas of shale gas in China have complex landforms and subsurface geological conditions, and relatively weak development infrastructure. At present, China is still far behind the United States in terms of key technologies and processes such as three-dimensional and efficient development. As the main body of natural gas production growth in China and the United States and an important field of natural gas production growth in China in the future, this paper makes the following suggestions. (1) The exploration and development of shale gas in Wufeng-Longmaxi formations in Sichuan Basin should be further accelerated to increase reserves and production. (2) Public oil and gas survey should further play a leading role, strengthen the geological survey and evaluation of shale gas in new areas and new strata, and set up new shale gas production bases. (3) It should strengthen independent innovation, enhance theoretical research on shale gas accumulation, tackle key technologies suitable for China’s landform and geological conditions, and promote low-cost and effective development of deep, normal pressured, continental and transitional shale gas. (4) Policy support should be continued to promote the rapid development of shale gas industry.
Keywords:shale gas  resource characteristic  shale gas revolution  industrial policy  development history  accumulation condition  development condition  development tendency  
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