太湖流域水资源能值转换率计算与研究

从水资源复合系统的角度出发,对复合系统进行能量分析,提出运用能值理论与方法对流域水资源定量分析的思路。论述了能值的基本理论与方法,以太湖流域水系为研究对象,绘制了流域水资源能值系统图,并编制能值分析表,对流域2007—2011年供水水资源的能值转换率进行计算。研究表明:流域水资源能值转换率呈逐年增大趋势,与流域近年为改善流域水环境,加大水环境综合整治及系列工程项目的情况吻合;另外,人工干扰下水资源的能值转换率较天然水资源平均增长24.3%,而且这种增长也呈逐年上升趋势,从2007年的4.31%到2011年的36.4%,说明流域水资源量虽丰富,但安全供水的代价却越来越大。水质型缺水将是20世纪面临的新挑战。

Calculation of Emergy Transformity of Water Resource in Taihu Lake Watershed

Water resource is regarded as a complex system and is quantitatively analyzed by using the theory and method of emergy.The water system in Taihu Lake watershed is taken as a research object.Emergy system dia-grams and emergy analytical tables were obtained and the emergy transformity of water supply resource of the water-shed from 2007 to 2011 was calculated.Result shows that the emergy transformity of the watershed’s water re-source has a tendency of increasing over years,which is consistent with the practice of intensifying regulation pro-jects to improve water environment.Besides,the emergy transformity of water resource under human disturbance increased by 24.3% on the average compared with the natural condition,and the increment displays a trend of in-creasing year by year as well,from 4.31% in 2007 to 36.4% in 2011,indicating that safe water supply takes more cost despite the rich water resource of the watershed,and that water shortage of water-quality type is a new chal-lenge of the century.