产业化下非遗手工艺文化创新生态研究与实践

目的 在非遗产业化背景下,探索乡村传统手工艺的文化创新生态,以应对现代社会与传统文化二元对立危机,力求在非遗活态化层面探讨事物的传续与创新发展途径。方法 以文化生态学为视野,将非遗手工艺落脚于整体的文化背景和社会环境中,创建传统手工艺在乡村振兴战略下的文化创新生态与设计参与模式,寻求传统手工艺和现代消费市场之间融合互动的对策与连接点,提出非遗手工艺创新发展的“四化”生态模型,从内容化、品牌化、产品化与数字化4个维度讨论非遗手工艺的提升策略,提供可行的设计参与路径,并以湖南湘潭地区石鼓油纸伞为例验证该模式的可行性。结论 文化生态具有动态衍变与整体协调特征,能够适应非遗手工艺的活态变迁与传承。通过充分发挥工业设计专业特长,能有效地给非遗产业化内容做设计学上的注脚。“四化”生态模型有助于非遗手工艺的核心价值留存与创意性转换,设计参与能够有效促进乡村传统手工艺高质量发展,并以期通过推进该模式让非遗手工艺产业化发展能够在乡村振兴中发挥最大作用,从而建设乡村特色文化产业。

Research and Practice on Cultural Innovation Ecology of Intangible Cultural Heritage Handicraft under Industrialization

In the context of contemporary industrial development of intangible cultural heritage, the work aims to explore the cultural innovation ecology of rural traditional handicrafts so as to cope with the crisis of dichotomy between modern society and traditional culture as well as explore the ways of inheritance and innovative development of things at the level of the living intangible cultural heritage. From the perspective of cultural ecology, the intangible cultural heritage handicraft was put into the overall cultural background and social environment to create a cultural innovation ecology and design participation mode of traditional handicrafts under the rural revitalization strategy, and seek countermeasures and connections of integration and interaction between traditional handicrafts and contemporary market. An ecological mode of "Four Transformations" of intangible handicraft innovation was put forward and promotion strategies of intangible handicrafts were discussed from the content, brand, product and digitization, so as to provide the feasible design participation measures, and verify the feasibility of this mode based on Shigu oil-paper umbrella in Xiangtan, Hunan Province. As a result, cultural ecology has the characteristics of dynamic evolvement and overall coordination, which can adapt to the active changes and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage handicrafts, give full play to the characteristics of industrial design, and effectively annotate the design of industrialization content of intangible cultural heritage. The ecological mode of "Four Transformations" contributes to the modern heritage and creative development of intangible cultural heritage handicrafts. In this mode, design participation can effectively promote the high-quality development of rural traditional handicrafts. It is hoped to play the biggest role in rural revitalization in development of intangible cultural heritage handicrafts industry so as to construct cultural industry with rural characteristics.