不同葡萄园土壤类型的钾形态及固钾能力分析

选取山东省蓬莱、沂源、济宁等7个地区葡萄园代表性土壤为试材,对土壤钾形态组成和固钾能力进行了分析。结果表明,不同土壤钾形态含量为全钾≈矿物钾>缓效钾>速效钾。速效钾(包括水溶性钾、非特殊吸附钾和特殊吸附钾3部分)是葡萄可吸收利用的主要部分,不同葡萄园含量差异较大,以平邑粘土速效钾含量最高,其次是沂源棕壤,蓬莱潮土、济宁砂姜黑土、济南褐土中等,而莒县棕壤、肥城黄土速效钾总量及所占比例较低,表明其当季供钾能力相对较低。缓效钾含量以莒县棕壤较高,其他土壤差异不大。固钾能力顺序为莒县棕壤>济宁砂姜黑土>肥城黄土>济南褐土>平邑粘土>沂源棕壤>蓬莱潮土。综合看,供试土壤速效钾含量除莒县土壤外其他均处于高和较高水平,需要控制钾肥的使用。

Analysis of potassium forms and capacities of potassium fixation in soils from different vineyards

The soil potassium forms and potassium fixation characteristics of the representative plow layer soil samples collected from vineyards located in seven regions of Shandong province was studied.The results showed that different forms potassium contents are total potassium≈mineral potassium>slow available potassium>available potassium.The available potassium(including water soluble potassium,non-specifically absorbed potassium,specifically absorbed potassium) is the major potassium to be absorbed by grapevine trees,and the differences of the available potassium contents in various vineyards are obvious,about which the available potassium level in Pingyi clay sample was the highest and followed by Yiyuan vert soil,Penglai fluvo-aquic soil,Jining Shajiang black soil and Jinan cinnamon soil.The available potassium content in Juxian brown soil and Feicheng loess soil were in low level,indicating that short-term supplying capability of potassium in the soils was lower.Juxian browm soil had the highest content of the slow available potassium,while there was no obvious difference in other soils.The potassium fixation capacities of the soil samples are in the order of Juxian browm soil>Jining Shajiang black soil>Feicheng loess soil>Jinan cinnamon soil>Pingyi clay soil>Yiyuan vert soil>Penglai fluvo-aquic soil.Overall,the value of available potassium contents in the tested soils were in a relatively high level except that of the soil in Juxian,and the quantity of potassium should be controlled in fertilization.