基于断裂力学的层状岩石Hoek-Brown准则修正模型研究

本文基于各向同性Hoek-Brown强度准则的断裂力学理论，从层状岩石细观断裂机理出发，分析初始微裂纹沿层理分叉后起裂条件，考虑初始裂纹引发岩石破裂的临界角，建立层理弱面主导裂纹偏转的参数m₁各向异性公式，引入考虑岩石沿层理和基质混合破裂修正系数，得到Hoek-Brown强度准则的各向异性修正模型。对比其他各向异性Hoek-Brown模型以及页岩三轴试验结果证明了模型的有效性。修正模型继承了各向同性Hoek-Brown强度准则的断裂力学理论对于岩石破坏特征量的选择，反映了岩石的细观破坏机理，同时考虑层理各向异性的影响，准则中的相关参数物理意义明确。模型中参数m与层理面角度、层理及岩石的抗拉强度、抗压强度、摩擦系数有关，其中层理面摩擦系数的变化会引起参数m极小值点位置及岩石强度特性发生改变。

Modified Hoek-Brown criterion model for laminated rock based on fracture mechanics

Based on the fracture mechanics theory of the isotropic Hoek-Brown strength criterion, this paper established the initiation conditions of the bifurcated microcrack along bedding which begins with the meso-fracture mechanism of laminated rocks. Then the author substituted the critical angle which indicates that the initial crack most likely causes the fracture of the rock into above established conditions and derived the anisotropy expression of the parameter m₁ for the weak plane of bedding leading to the crack deflection. Through introducing the correction coefficient for the mixed fracture of the rock along the bedding and the matrix, this paper obtained the anisotropic modified model of Hoek-Brown strength criterion. Compared with the established anisotropic Hoek-Brown model and shale triaxial test results, the validity of the model was proved. The modified model inherits the fracture mechanics analysis of the isotropic Hoek-Brown strength criterion for the selection of rock failure characteristic quantity, and reflects the microscopic failure mechanism of the rock, also considers the effect of bedding anisotropy. The parameters in the modified criterion have a clear physical meaning. The parameter m in the model is related to the angle of the bedding plane, the tensile strength, compressive strength and friction coefficient of bedding and matrix. The change in the friction coefficient of the bedding plane will cause the position of the minimum value of m and the rock strength characteristics changed.