疏水缔合耐温抗盐聚丙烯酰胺共聚物的研究现状

随着油气勘探开发的需要，对油田化学处理剂的耐温，抗盐性能要求越来越高，因此必须对水解聚丙烯酰胺进行改性，其中研究较好的是对疏水缔合水溶性聚合物的研究，疏水缔合水溶性聚合物是指在聚合物的亲水性大分子链上引入少量疏水基团的一类水溶性聚合物。疏水改性的聚丙酰胺的大分子链上含有许多带电基团与疏水基团，分子内电性斥力与极性基团的水化作用使大分子主链呈疏松伸展状态，当聚合物浓度达到临界缔合浓度时，大分子链交联，形成具有一定程度的空间网状结构，使流体力学体积增加，增粘能力增强，而且该空间网状结构受无机盐影响小，抗温能力强。介绍了国内外耐温，抗盐改性的疏水缔合聚合聚丙烯酰胺共聚物的研究现状。

Current situation of hydrophobically associating polyacrylamide of heat tolerant

More requirements are presented on the performances of high temperature and salt tolerance for oilfield chemicals, to deal with the tougher challenges in oil and gas exploration and development. Owing to the poor heat and salt tolerance of hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM), it has to be modified for field using, and much attention has been paid on the study of hydrophobically associating water soluble copolymers, which introducing small amount of hydrophobic groups into the macromolecule hydrophilic chain. For the hydrophobically modified HPAM, there are many electric groups and hydrophobic groups in the macromolecule chain, and the chain is in a loose stretching state because of electric repulsion and hydration. When the polymer concentration reaches the critical associating value, crosslinking takes place and a network structure with certain strength is formed, thus increases the volume and enhances viscosifying, and the structure has higher temperature tolerance and salt resistance. The current situation and recent development of the hydrophobically associating polyacrylamide copolymers at home and abroad are presented in this paper.