节点两次抛洒的无线传感器网络能耗平衡策略

针对无线传感器网络中的“能量空洞”问题,提出了一种将传感器节点分两次抛洒的能耗平衡策略。基于圆形区域网络的多跳传输方式,分析了无线传感器网络的能耗模型,并在各圆环内对传感器节点进行不均匀抛洒。为了克服节点密度较大圆环采集数据的冗余性,首先在各圆环内等密度抛洒只具有传感功能的节点,第二次抛洒的节点仅作为中继站向相邻圆环转发数据,根据节点平均能耗相等的原则,确定各圆环内的中继节点密度。传感节点和中继节点分别进行抛洒,不仅节省了硬件成本,而且减轻了网络的传输负载。仿真结果表明,该策略能够有效平衡节点能耗,缓解能量空洞问题,从而延长无线传感器网络的生存时间。

Energy consumption balance strategy for wireless sensor networks based on nodes twice-deployment

Focusing on the problem of energy hole in wireless sensor networks, an energy consumption balance strategy with twicedeployed nodes is proposed. Based on multi-hop transmitting mode of multi-layered circular network, the energy consumption model of wireless sensor network is analyzed, and the sensor nodes in each slice are deployed for twice. In order to overcome data redundancy in the slices with more nodes, only the sensing nodes are deployed in each slice in equal density firstly, then the nodes deployed for the second time transmit data to the next slice just as relay stations. According to the principle of equal node average energy consumption, the node density in each slice is determined. The twice-deployment for sensing nodes and relaying nodes respectively not only can save the hardware cost, but also raise the data repeater efficiency. Simulation results indicate that this strategy can balance node energy consumption effectively, so that alleviate energy hole problem, thus prolongs the lifetime of wireless sensor network.