Image adaptive RST invariant watermark using pseudo-Zernike moments |
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Authors: | Leida LI Baolong GUO |
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Affiliation: | (1) School of Mechano-electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an, 710071, China |
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Abstract: | Rotation, scaling and translation (RST) attacks can desynchronize watermark detection, which causes failure in many watermarking
systems. In this paper, an image adaptive RST invariant watermark (AWPZM) is proposed by using the rotation invariant property
of pseudo-Zernike moments (PZM) and oddeven quantization. PZM of the original image is computed first, and then those suitable
for watermark generation are selected. Then, magnitudes of them are odd-even quantized to generate the watermark. In detection,
a normalized hamming function is employed to determine the similarity of the watermark. Experimental results show its robustness
to rotation and scaling. For traditional attacks, such as JPEG compression, added noise and filtering, the similarities are
all above 0.95.
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Translated from Journal of Xidian University, 2007, 34(1): 38–42 译自: 西安电子科技大学学报] |
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Keywords: | information hiding adaptive watermark pseudo-Zernike moments (PZM) odd-even quantization |
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