配位沉淀制备高比表面积氢氧化铜纳米线/纳米棒

以CuSO4?5H2O、氨水和NaOH为原料，采用配位沉淀法制备了不同形貌的Cu(OH)2纳米粉末，考察了NaOH用量、氨水用量和CuSO4初始浓度对颗粒形貌、粒度和比表面积的影响. 结果表明，在CuSO4初始浓度0.1 mol/L、摩尔比NH3:CuSO4=7和NaOH:CuSO4=2~4的条件下，Cu(OH)2由纳米线组装成花簇状，随NaOH用量增加，单头簇状结构减少，双头花簇状结构增多；在CuSO4初始浓度0.1 mol/L、摩尔比NaOH:CuSO4=2和NH3:CuSO4=7的条件下，得到由长径比为20~60的纳米线组成的直径为0.3~1 μm、长1~3 μm的花形簇状Cu(OH)2颗粒，其粒度分布均一，比表面积达83.3 m2/g，表面存在吸附水；在摩尔比NH3:CuSO4=3，NaOH:CuSO4=2的条件下，随CuSO4初始浓度降低，Cu(OH)2纳米线倾向组装成花形簇状结构.

Preparation of high specific surface area Cu(OH)2 nanowires/nanorods by coordinated precipitation

Nano-copper hydroxide powder with different morphologies was synthesized by coordinated precipitation using CuSO4?5H2O, ammonia and NaOH as materials. The effects of amounts of NaOH and ammonia, and CuSO4 concentration on the morphology, particle size and specific surface area were investigated. The results showed that for different amounts of NaOH, when CuSO4 initial concentration was 0.1 mol/L, molar ratio of NH3:CuSO4=7 and molar ratio of NaOH:CuSO4=2~4, the prepared Cu (OH)2 was assembled into flower clusters by nanowires, and the numbers of flower-like structure of single head decreased and the double head flowers increased with amounts of NaOH increasing. For different amounts of ammonia, when CuSO4 initial concentration was 0.1 mol/L, molar ratio of NH3:NaOH=2 and molar ratio of NH3:CuSO4=7, the flower-like copper hydroxide of which the diameter was 0.3?1 μm and the length was 1?3 μm composed of nanowires the aspect ratio of which was 20?60 was obtained, and the Cu(OH)2 particles the surface on which had adsorbed water had uniform particle size distribution and the specific surface area of the powder was as large as 83.3 m2/g. For CuSO4 concentration, when molar ratio of NH3:CuSO4=3, and molar ratio of NaOH:CuSO4=2, the Cu(OH)2 nanowires tended to assemble into flower-like cluster structures with CuSO4 initial concentration decreasing.