Drop-weight impact of plain-woven hybrid glass–graphite/toughened epoxy composites |
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| Authors: | Ercan Sevkat Benjamin Liaw Feridun Delale Basavaraju B Raju |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, New York City College of Technology, 300 Jay Street Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, The City College of New York, 140th and Convent Avenue, NY 10031, USA;3. Tank Automotive Research, Development & Engineering Center (TARDEC), US Army RDECOM, Warren, Michigan, USA;1. Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Bristol, Oceans Building, University Walk, Bristol B58 1TR, UK;2. Laboratoire de Mécanique et d’Acoustique 31, ch. Joseph Aiguier, 13402, Marseille, France;1. School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L69 3GH, United Kingdom;2. Aerospace Research and Innovation Center (ARIC), Khalifa University of Science, Technology and Research (KUSTAR), PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates;1. Department of Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UPM, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia;2. Aerospace Malaysia Innovation Centre (944751-A), Prime Minister’s Department, MIGHT Partnership Hub, Jalan Impact, 63000 Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia;3. Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), UPM, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia;1. School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi''an, 710072, China;2. Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China;3. Airworthiness Certification Center, Civil Aviation Administration of China, Beijing, 100102, China;4. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Impact Dynamics and its Engineering Applications, Xi''an, 710072, China;1. School of Civil Engineer and Architecture, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China;2. School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China;3. Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, China |
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| Abstract: | The progressive damage behaviors of hybrid woven composite panels (101.6 mm × 101.6 mm) impacted by drop-weights at four different velocities were studied by a combined experimental and 3-D dynamic nonlinear finite element approach. The specimens tested were made of plain-weave hybrid S2 glass-IM7 graphite fibers/toughened epoxy (cured at 177 °C). The composite panels were damaged using a pressure-assisted Instron-Dynatup 8520 instrumented drop-weight impact tester. During these low-velocity simpact tests, the time-histories of impact-induced dynamic strains and impact forces were recorded. The damaged specimens were inspected visually and using ultrasonic C-Scan methods. The commercially available 3-D dynamic nonlinear finite element (FE) software, LS-DYNA, incorporated with a proposed user-defined damage-induced nonlinear orthotropic model, was then used to simulate the experimental results of drop-weight tests. Good agreement between experimental and FE results has been achieved when comparing dynamic force, strain histories and damage patterns from experimental measurements and FE simulations. |
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