不锈钢中常规元素常用测定方法比较及对能力验证结果的影响

研究了不锈钢中常规元素硅、锰等化学成分的3种常用测定方法:经典湿法化学分析、火花放电原子发射光谱法(Spark-AES)和电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)。在2008—2018年能力验证数据、标准、文献的基础上,简要分析了其特点和适用性。结果表明,对于不锈钢硅、锰等化学成分测定,标准中规定3种元素测定范围均不相同,经典的湿法化学分析方法成熟稳定,精密度高,由于操作较繁琐,在能力验证(PT)中使用较少,但满意率较高,于中国知网(CNKI)数据库中发文最早;火花放电原子发射光谱法操作简便,再现性较好,在能力验证中使用多且满意率高,于CNKI数据库中发文数多;而电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法的使用特点介于其他两种方法间,在能力验证中的应用不多且满意率较低,于CNKI数据库中发文最晚。

Discussion on common determination methods of conventional element in stainless steel and their influence on proficiency testing results

Three common determination methods for chemical composition of conventional elements (such as silicon and manganese) in stainless steel were studied: including classical wet chemical analysis, spark discharge atomic emission spectrometry (Spark-AES) and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Based on the proficiency testing data, standards and literatures in 2008-2018, the characteristics and applicability were briefly analyzed. The results showed that for the chemical composition (such as silicon and manganese) determination in stainless steel, the determination ranges of three elements were not same in standards. The classical wet chemical analysis method was mature and stable with high precision. It was rarely used in proficiency testing due to the complicated operation, but the satisfaction rate was high, and it was published in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database first. Spark discharge atomic emission spectrometry (Spark-AES) had simple operation and good reproducibility. It was widely used in proficiency testing and the satisfaction rate was high. There were many reports in CNKI database. The application characteristics of ICP-AES were between the other two methods. The application in proficiency testing was few and the satisfaction rate was low. It was published in CNKI database at the latest.