节点理论在抽油机系统节能中的应用

2004年大庆油田采油十厂机采系统能耗占全部能耗的43.56%,系统效率仅为6.0%。相关文献和资料表明:常规抽油机-有杆泵抽油系统中各耗能节点依照效率从低到高排序依次为电机、抽油泵、抽油杆、管柱、皮带、减速箱、四连杆机构和盘根盒。对能量传递过程中能量损失较大的电机、抽油泵、抽油杆和管柱的效率进行分析后,确定如下节能措施:更换节能电机和节能配电箱,提高电机效率;使用HY级高强度抽油杆代替D级抽油杆;应用系统效率优化软件对单井参数实施动态调整,包括冲次调整、冲程调整、泵径调整和泵深调整等。通过实施以上措施,大庆十厂机采系统能耗得到有效控制,总装机功率上升幅度与抽油机井年耗电增长幅度均低于井数增加比例,吨液机采耗电从2007年的51.05kW·h/t下降至2008年的50.62kW·h/t,系统效率从2007年的6.78%升至2008年的6.85%。

The Application of Node Theory to Energy-saving in the Pumping Unit System

In 2004,energy consumption of mechanical oil production in No.10 oil production plant of Daqing oilfield is 43.56% of the total energy consumption,thus only 6.0% of the systematic efficiency.In the conventional oil pumping system of beam pumping unit-rod pumping,efficiency of energy consumption node is divided into eight parts from low to high：electric motor,pump,sucker rod,string,belt,reducing gear box,four-bar linkage and stuffing box.During the process of energy transfer,the electric motor,pump,sucker rod and string have larger loss of energy.After their efficiency was analyzed,energy saving measures are determined as follows.Energy efficient electric motor and cabinet panel are used for enhancing the efficiency of the electric motor.HY-order high strength sucker rod is used instead of D-order one.A software of systematic efficiency optimization is used for dynamic regulation on single well parameter（times,stroke,diameter of pump and depth of plunger）.After the measures are taken,the energy consumption of the mechanical oil production in No.10 oil production plant of Daqing oilfield is controlled effectively.Raised degree of total installed hp and yearly electric consumption of rod pumped well are both lower than the increase proportion of well number.The energy consumption of the mechanical oil production per ton decreased from 51.05kW ·h/t in 2007 to 50.62kW·h/t in 2008.The systematic efficiency increased from 6.78% in 2007 to 6.85% in 2008.