Tradable white certificate schemes: fundamental concepts |
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Authors: | Paolo Bertoldi Silvia Rezessy |
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Affiliation: | (1) European Commission DG JRC, Institute for Energy, Via E. Fermi 1, 21027 Ispra, Varese, Italy |
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Abstract: | A number of European countries have introduced market-based instruments to encourage investment in energy efficiency improvement
and achieve national energy savings targets. Some of these schemes are based on quantified energy savings obligations imposed
on energy distributors or suppliers, coupled with a certification of the energy savings (via white certificates), and a possibility
to trade certificates. The paper describes the concept and the main elements of a tradable white certificate scheme, where
appropriate giving examples from existing schemes in Europe. It discusses design and operational features that are key to
achieve the overall savings targets, such as delineation of the scheme in terms of obliged parties, eligible projects and
technologies, institutional structure, and processes to support the scheme, such as measurement and verification. Finally,
the paper looks at a number of open issues, most importantly the possibility of creating a voluntary market for white certificates
via integration into the carbon market.
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Keywords: | Design and operational features White certificate systems Italy Great Britain France |
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