基于流固耦合的液压阀芯均压槽多目标优化设计

高压大流量换向阀依靠阀芯的移动来实现控制执行机构的运作，合理的设计阀芯上均压槽的尺寸、槽间距与阀芯与阀套间间隙能够降低阀芯与阀套之间的卡紧力与泄漏量。基于ANSYS建立流固耦合三维求解模型，以矩形均压槽宽深比、槽间距和阀芯与阀套间间隙为设计变量，将泄漏量、卡紧力与等效应力作为响应变量，通过建立Non-Parametric Regression响应面模型，分析了设计变量对响应变量的影响。结合多目标遗传算法(MOGA),实现阀芯均压槽的尺寸与分布的优化设计。当均压槽槽宽与槽深比值为0.83,槽间距为1.43 mm,阀芯与阀套间间隙为0.027 mm时，泄漏量与卡紧力能够较小，其值分别为6.05 mL·min^-1和0.28 N,与优化前相比泄漏量降低了25%,卡紧力降低了36%。为阀芯均压槽的尺寸设计提供了参考。

Multi-objective Optimization Design of Hydraulic Spool Pressure-equalizing Slot Based on Fluid-structure Coupling

The high-pressure and large-flow reversing valve relies on the movement of the valve core to control the operation of the actuator. Reasonable design of the size of the pressure-equalizing groove on the valve core, the groove spacing, and the gap between the valve core and the valve sleeve can reduce the clamping force and leakage between the valve core and the valve sleeve. A three-dimensional solution model of fluid-structure interaction is established based on ANSYS. The non-parametric regression response is established by taking the width and length ratio of the pressure-equalizing groove, the groove spacing, the gap between the valve core and the valve sleeve as the design variables, and the leakage, clamping force, and equivalent stress as the response variables. A surface model was used to analyze the effect of the design variables on the response variables. Combined with a multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA), the optimal design of the size and distribution of the pressure-equalizing groove of the valve core is realized. When the ratio of the slot width to the slot depth of the equalizing slot is 0.83, the slot spacing is 1.43 mm, and the gap between the valve core and the valve sleeve is 0.027 mm, the leakage and clamping force can be smaller, and their values are 6.05 mL·min^-1 and 0.28 N respectively. Compared with before optimization, the leakage is reduced by 25%, strength reduced by 36%.which provides a reference for the size design of the pressure-equalizing groove of the valve core.