赤泥在回收金属和建筑材料领域的研究进展

赤泥是制铝工业提取氧化铝时所排出的污染性废渣，如果处理不当将会对生态环境造成极大危害。介绍了赤泥的化学成分、物相组成及产生路径，具体分析了从赤泥中回收铁、铝、钛、钪等金属资源的主要工艺及特点，详细阐述了添加适量的赤泥可增强建筑材料的力学性能和耐火性能、固化赤泥中的放射性元素、减少环境污染。目前，利用赤泥制备地聚物材料、微晶玻璃、复合材料等工艺尚不成熟，仍需寻求更高效的目标金属提纯技术和高效合理的废渣、废液处置方法，并研发出一整套的赤泥开发应用工艺。

Research progress of red mud in field of recycled metals and building materials

Red mud is the polluting waste residue discharged from the aluminum industry to extract alumina.Improper treatment will cause great harm to the ecological environment.The chemical composition，phase composition and production path of red mud were introduced and the main processes and characteristics of recovering iron，aluminum，titanium，scandium and other metal resources from red mud were analyzed.It was elaborated that adding appropriate amount of red mud could enhance the mechanical properties and fire resistance of building materials，solidify the radioactive elements in red mud，and reduce environmental pollution.In addition，the preparation of geopolymer materials，glass-ceramics，composite materials and other processes were not yet mature.It was still necessary to seek efficient target metal purification technology and efficient and rational disposal method of waste residue and waste liquid，and develop a complete set of red mud development and application process.