典型国家电力市场保底售电服务机制对比及对中国的启示

保底售电服务机制是售电市场稳定运行的重要组成部分，随着中国售电市场的全面放开，亟须深入研究典型国家电力市场保底售电服务机制设计内涵，并结合实际情况设计适应中国售电市场发展的保底售电服务机制。首先，分析对比了英国、澳大利亚和美国得克萨斯州3个典型电力市场的保底售电服务机制设计，包括保底售电服务启动、保底售电公司选择、价格机制、成本回收机制、服务期限等的设计；然后，分析中国保底售电服务机制实践情况，并结合国外经验分析中国保底售电服务机制特点；最后，结合典型国家经验及中国售电市场的改革环境，对中国保底售电服务机制设计提出相关建议。

Comparison of PoLR Service Mechanism of Electricity Market in Typical Countries and Implications for China

The provider of last resort (PoLR) service mechanism is an important part of the stable operation of the electricity retail market. With the comprehensive liberalization of China’s electricity retail market, it is urgent to deeply study the design connotation of the PoLR service mechanism in typical national electricity markets, and to design a PoLR service mechanism that adapts to the development of China’s electricity retail market. Firstly, this paper analyzed and compared the design of PoLR service mechanism in three typical electricity markets: the United Kingdom, Australia and Texas of the US, including the start of PoLR service, the selection of PoLR provider, the price mechanism, the cost recovery mechanism and the service period, etc. Then, it investigated the practice of China’s PoLR service mechanism, and analyzed the characteristics of China’s PoLR service mechanism based on other country’s experiences. Finally, based on the experience of typical countries and the reform environment of China's electricity retail market, relevant suggestions are put forward for the design of China's PoLR service mechanism.