超疏水FeNi2O4/甲基丙烯酸乙烯酯-二乙烯苯共聚物多孔材料的制备及其油水分离应用

为了应对日益频发的溢油事故，实现含油水体的净化，通过高内相Pickering乳液模板法制备了FeNi₂O₄掺杂的甲基丙烯酸乙烯酯-二乙烯苯共聚物多孔材料。采用FTIR、SEM、TGA、VSM、接触角测量仪、静态压汞仪、万能试验机等对材料结构与性能进行表征与分析。结果表明，材料具有三维分级多孔结构，孔径主要分布于3 μm及6~14 μm且大孔孔径可调节。材料热稳定性好，初始热分解温度最高达300℃。FeNi₂O₄纳米粒子的引入不仅提升了乳液稳定性，也赋予材料磁响应性。材料具有良好的疏水亲油性，水接触角达151°、滚动角为5°、油接触角为0°，吸油速率快，并具有良好的重复利用性和优异的油水吸附选择性，对多种油品及有机溶剂的饱和吸附倍率达40.80~93.08 g·g?1，且保油率均在90%以上。探究了材料的孔结构调控，发现，改变乳液的内相比可以调节材料的大孔分布、孔隙率、密度、比表面积、吸油倍率和力学性能。综上说明:超疏水FeNi₂O₄/甲基丙烯酸乙烯酯-二乙烯苯共聚物多孔材料可以高效分离水中油污，对水体环境的治理与净化具有现实意义。 

Fabrication of superhydrophobic FeNi2O4/vinyl methacrylate-diethylenebenzene copolymer porous material and its application for oil-water separation

To cope with the increasing frequency of oil spills and to achieve the purification of oily waters, FeNi₂O₄?doped vinyl methacrylate-diethylenebenzene copolymer porous materials were fabricated via a high-internal-phase Pickering emulsion templating method. The material structure was characterised using FTIR, SEM, TGA, VSM, contact angle measurement, static mercury piezometry and universal testing machine. The results show that the material possesses a three-dimensional porous structure with pore sizes mainly distributed at 3 μm and 6-14 μm, and the large pore size can be modified. The material demonstrates good thermal stability with an initial thermal decomposition temperature of up to 300℃. The introduction of FeNi₂O₄ nanoparticles not only enhances the emulsion stability but also imparts magnetic responsiveness to the material. The materials exhibit good hydrophobicity and lipophilicity, with water contact angle of 151°, rolling angle of 5° and oil contact angle of 0°, fast oil absorption rate, good reusability and excellent oil-water adsorption selectivity. Its saturation adsorption multiplicity for a variety of oils and organic solvents reaches 40.80-93.08 g·g?1, and the oil retention rate are all above 90%. The pore structure regulation of the material was investigated and it was found that changing the internal comparison of the emulsion could regulate the macropore distribution, porosity, density, specific surface area, oil adsorption multiplicity and mechanical property of the material. In summary, superhydrophobic FeNi₂O₄/vinyl methacrylate-diethylenebenzene copolymer porous materials can efficiently separate oil from water, which is of practical significance for the treatment and purification of the aqueous environment.