双金属氰化络合催化剂催化环氧烷烃与二氧化碳共聚研究进展

针对CO₂与环氧烷烃共聚制备脂肪族聚碳酸酯反应体系,本文在综合分析脂肪族聚碳酸酯应用前景的基础上,着重介绍了双金属氰化络合催化剂在该工艺中的研究进展,并对不同种类活性中心金属的组合在不同反应体系中的催化效果进行了分析。共沉淀法制得的Zn-Co双金属氰化络合催化剂在CO₂与环氧烷烃的催化体系中,通过改变制备方法、配体等条件可以实现对催化剂形貌的控制,有利于催化活性的提升。Zn-Fe双金属氰化络合催化剂对于环氧丙烷开环活性较好。同时还介绍了采用其他活性中心金属组合制得的双金属氰化络合催化剂,发现对于CO₂与环氧烷烃共聚活性受中心金属及配体的影响较大。最后,对该共聚反应的机理进行了分析,为双金属氰化络合催化剂的设计研究指明了方向。

The progress of copolymerization of alkylene oxide with carbon dioxide catalyzed by double metal cyanide complex catalysts

Considering the copolymeration of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and alkylene oxides to synthesize aliphatic polycarbonate, we introduced the research progress of double metal cyanide (DMC) complex catalyst used in the process following the comprehensive analysis of the application of aliphatic polycarbonate. In addition, we also analyzed the catalytic effect for different kinds of active center metal combinations in different reaction systems. The Zn-Co-DMC catalyst prepared by precipitation method was used in the catalytic system. By changing the preparation method, ligands and other conditions, we can control the morphology of the catalyst, and thus improve the catalytic activity. The Zn-Fe-DMC catalyst has good activity in the ring-opening of alkylene oxides. At the same time, we also described the combinations of other active center metals for the preparation of DMC catalyst, and got the conclusion that the activity of the copolymerization of CO₂ and alkylene oxide was strongly affected by the central metal and ligand. Finally, the mechanism of the copolymerization was introduced, and then we pointed out the direction for the design of the DMC catalyst.