紫外防护品的防紫外光谱特性检测

讨论了紫外防护品(眼镜、防晒护肤品、织物)的防紫外检测原理,建立了实用的检测装置,对样品旋转不同的角度进行测试,测试结果与日本岛津UV-3150紫外分光光度计的测量结果比较,具有良好的一致性.检测11种不同类型的镜片,结果表明大多数镜片均能限制UVB(280～320 nm)的透过,但UVA(320～400nm)的透过率较高,镜片的防紫外线能力不理想.采用紫外吸光度法检测6种防晒护肤品,根据吸光度A值的大小,评价产品的性能,3种化妆品实测防紫外效果与产品标定的SPF值不相吻合,并且UVA的透过率较高.检测14种织物,计算得到织物防紫外指数UPF值,发现染色深及较厚的织物防紫外效果较好,纯棉及亚麻防紫外线效果较差.三种紫外防护品对UVB的防护效果都优于对UVA的防护,但UVA对人体同样造成伤害,应引起人们的重视.

Measurement of Spectral Properties of UV-protective Products

The UV-protective products including glasses, sunscreen cosmetics and textiles are discussed. A practical device is established and the samples at different rotation angles are measured. Results are compared with those tested by ultra-violet spectroscopy UV-3150, and the differences between them are small. Eleven types of glasses are measured, and the results show that most of glasses can limit light transmittance in the UVB(280～320 nm) part, but the light transmittance in the UVA(320～400 nm) part is high. So the UV-protective properties of glasses are not ideal. Six types of sunscreen cosmetics are measured, and the product properties are evaluated by absorbance A. Sunscreen effects tested on three types of cosmetics are disaccorded with SPF values labeled on the products, and the light transmittance in the UVA part is high. Fourteen kinds of textiles are tested, and UPF values are calculated. Results show that the UV-protective properties of the darker and thicker textiles are better, and those of cotton texiles and flax texiles are inferior. UV-protective properties of the three kinds of UV-protective products in the UVB part are superior to those in the UVA part. However, UVA is also harmful to human bodies, which should be noticed.