Neuropeptide Y in the human prenatal and mature gonads

The in vitro effects of a trace element preparation (béres Drops Plus, BDP) on the biosynthesis of inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL-6, IL-1, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were studied in human peripheral monocytes. The production of IL-6 was studied in a glioblastoma cell line, SKMG-4, as well. The trace element preparation BDP significantly stimulated both the constitutive and the endotoxin or IL-1 induced IL-6 production in monocytes or in glial cells, respectively, but revealed no or only modest effect on IL-1 and TNF-alpha production of monocytes. Moreover, BDP was able to reduce the inhibitory effect of a synthetic corticosteroid, dexamethasone on the biosynthesis of IL-6. The positive effect of the trace element preparation on the IL-6 production of monocytes from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients is comparable, to that of on the monocytes from healthy individuals, and similarly to healthy individuals was negligible on the IL-1 and TNF-alpha production. The detailed analysis of the composition of the preparation suggested, that the major active component in the stimulation of IL-6 production is Zn, but for the complete effect other trace elements are also required.